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Firstly, What is Encapsulation
Encapsulation is protecting objects or methods in a class from out of this class. Thanks to Encapsulation we prevent the other classes to access the items which we do not want to show. In a class we use necessary modifier word in definition to specify the eccess level and only related class can access to this variables or objects.

We can use below modifier words :

• Public : This access modifier lets the class to show the variable or function to the other classes. All public objects can be reached from all class.
• Private : This access modifier set the variable or the method to hide from outside of class. Only the related class can use these items.
• Protected : This modifier allows a derived class to access a variable or a method which defined in upper class.
• Internal : This modifier let the class to use a variable or method to be used in the app or package.
• Protected Internal : This modifier lets the variable or method to be hidden from the accesser. Only child class can access to this variable or method.

Below code block, I created a class named Employee and I have declared all variable types above:

using System;

namespace CSharp_Encapsulation
{
    class Employee
    {
        public string public_variable = "public";
        private string private_variable = "private";
        protected string protected_variable = "protected";
        internal string internal_variable = "internal";
        protected internal string pro_internal = "pro_internal";
    }
}

Now I will try to use them from another class, Below image you will see you can not use the private and protected defined variables here :

Below code block you will see the code block to call these variables.

private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Employee emp = new Employee();
            emp.internal_variable = " new internal variable value ";
            emp.pro_internal = " new pro variable value ";
            emp.public_variable = "new_public variable value ";
        }

That is all in this article.

Have a good encapsulation

Burak Hamdi TUFAN